Triparic Word Formation
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Affixes are categorized according to the part of speech they produce.
Noun-forming
General Noun Affixes
These are affixes which can be used on any word for which the semantic relation makes sense.
| Affix | Applied to | Purpose | Example |
|---|---|---|---|
| -ãzh | Verbs | Manifestation of the verb | brøden "embroider" → brødãzh "embroidery" |
| -er | Verbs | Agent of the verb | dixen "speak" → dixer "speaker" |
| -ica | Nouns, Verbs | The subject or field of interest; the collection of things pertaining to | herold "herald" → heroldica "heraldry" |
| -ide | Verbs | Patient/object of the verb | vocen "to call" → vocide "the person/thing called" |
| -ist | Nouns, Verbs | Profession, vocation | luden "to play" → ludist "professional player" |
| -kin | Nouns | Young, offspring | cän "dog" → cänkin "puppy" |
| -let | Nouns | Diminutive | pådd "house" → påddlet "small house, bungalow, cottage" |
| -log | Nouns | The study of | aqua "water" → aqualog "hydrology" |
| -løn | Adjectives | A person characterized by the adjective | juvin "young" → juvinløn "youngster" |
| -nes | Adjectives | State of being the adjective | rod "red" → rodnes "redness" |
| -schaf | Nouns | State of being | könig "king" → königschaf "kingship" |
| Verbs | Place where it is done English -arium, -ory; Portuguese -ário, French -oir(e); Latin -arium, -orium; Esperanto -ejo |
Specialized Noun Affixes
These are affixes which are generally used only on certain topical categories of words.
| Affix | Applied to | Purpose | Example |
|---|---|---|---|
| -(a)n | Places | Ethnonyms Note: Unlike in English usage, ethnonyms are not capitalized. |
Kalmont → kalmontan |
| For places ending in -a, only the -n is added. | Triparia → triparian Niava → niavan | ||
| -ät | Position, office | Reign, term in office | könig "king" → königät "period of reign as king" |
| -edze | Titles of nobility | Forms the title of the noble's consort | graf "count" → grafedze "consort of a count" baron "baron" → baronedze "consort of a baron" |
| imperor "emperor" uses a contracted root for this. | imperor "emperor" (root imper-) → imperedze "emperor's consort" | ||
| Roots for beliefs | Adherents |
Adjective-forming
| Affix | Applied to | Purpose | Example |
|---|---|---|---|
| -ic | Nouns | General purpose conversion to adjective (for nouns not ending in -ic themselves) | Triparia → triparic "Triparian" |
| -al | Nouns | Converts nouns ending in -ic to adjectives | music → musical "musical" |
| -esc | Nouns | Similar to the noun | Kalmont → Kalmontesc "like Kalmont" |
| -in | Nouns | Made of | aqua "water" → aquin "made of water" |
| -lãs | Nouns | Lacking | tap "head" → taplãs "headless" |
| -vol | Nouns | Full of, having in abundance | chocolad "chocolate" → chocoladvol "full of chocolate" |
| -isch | Adjectives | Similar to the base adjective, but not quite meeting the standard | rod "red" → rodisch "reddish" |
| -axe | Verbs | Tendency to do the verb | quiren "to ask" → quiraxe "inquisitive" |
| -eble | Verbs | Able to be affected by the verb | viden "to see" → videble "visible" |
| -ent | Verbs | Present participle | dixen "to speak" → dixent "speaking" |
Verb-forming
| Affix | Applied to | Purpose | Example |
|---|---|---|---|
| Infinitive ending -en or other normal verb inflections | Nouns | Denominal verb: the action or event inherently linked to the noun | pådd "house" → pådden "to house" |
| fe(r)- | Nouns, Adjectives | Process of becoming the noun or adjective The -r- is used if the root begins with a vowel. |
könig "king" → fekönigen "enthrone" |
| düs- | Verbs | Gives the verb a negative or undesirable outcome | miscen "to mix" → düsmiscen "to confuse, blur" |
| er- | Verbs | Intensifies the verb; adds the sense of doing something utterly, completely, desperately, thoroughly, fiercely | bŏzen "to drink socially, get buzzed or drunk" → erbŏzen "to get completely hammered" schöpen "to use, draw on" → erschöpen "to drain, use up, exhaust" |
Adverb-forming
| Affix | Applied to | Purpose | Example |
|---|---|---|---|
| -lic | Adjectives | Basic adverbial form of the adjective | gross "large" → grosslic "largely" (adv.) |
| For adjectives formed directly from nouns using the suffix -ic, this suffix replaces the -ic rather than following it. | viric "manly" (adj.) → virlic "manly" (adv.) | ||
| Adjectives ending in -l just add -ic; those in -lic don't change at all. | solic "only" (adj.) → solic "only" (adv.) häl "whole" (adj.) → hälic "wholly" (adv.) | ||
| Adjectives ending in a vowel drop it before adding -lic. | alta "high" (adj.) → altlic "highly" (adv.) |