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| * For two long diphthongized vowels, where the diphthong matches the frontedness of the apparent vowel (ê = ei, ô = ou) | | * For two long diphthongized vowels, where the diphthong matches the frontedness of the apparent vowel (ê = ei, ô = ou) |
| * For two nasalized versions of a different vowel (î = nasalized between-e-and-a, û = î but rounded) | | * For two nasalized versions of a different vowel (î = nasalized between-e-and-a, û = î but rounded) |
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| |}
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| == Shawn's thoughts on the vowel orthography ==
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| (To be discussed Sunday night 20 March or thereafter)
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| So the following sounds must be accounted for: AYE, bOY, hAtE, OUt, hAt, mÜssen, mÖgen, nasal I, nasal U.
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| Broken down phonetically we have:
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| # The three common i-final diphthongs (aye, hate, boy = ai, ei, oi)
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| # The most common of the u-final diphthongs (out = au)
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| # Rounded front vowels (ü = rounded i/fronted u, ö = rounded e/fronted o)
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| # Nasalized rounded and unrounded open-mid front vowels (nasal I, nasal U)
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| # The schwa as in "tãng"
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| # The odd man out is the ash vowel (hat, plåx), the near-open front unrounded vowel
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| === Proposal 1 ===
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| # Maybe ai ei oi for aye, hate, boy.
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| # au for au. So we are consistent that diphthongs are two-vowel clusters, different from pure-but-exotic vowels.
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| # Keep ü and ö for what they are in German. So here the umlaut means "fronting".
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| # Keep circumflex for these, î and û.
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| # Keep ã for the schwa.
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| # Use ä for the ash vowel. That's what it is in ''Finnish'', and the umlaut could still mean "fronting". And if you front the sound "a", it moves up a bit and becomes the ash vowel.
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| '''Preserved: ü, î, û'''
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| ==== Some classic words under this new orthography ====
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| {|class="wikitable"
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| |áileäd || green || ailieid
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| |-
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| |äpril || April || eipril
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| |bröken || to need || brauken
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| |cö [sic] || lunch || czau
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| |tãng || language, tongue || (no change)
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| |-
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| |çivilàn || citizen || civilan (maybe with grave on final syllable)
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| |-
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| |mäjordôm || prime minister, vizier || meijordom
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| |- | | |- |
| |} | | |} |
THIS IS A DRAFT. Carrie and Shawn are revising things.
N.B. Both the digraph system and the accented-character system are acceptable native orthographies, but it's bad form to mix systems within one text.
Consonants
| b, d, f, h, j, k, l, m, n, p, r, s, t, v, w, z
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as in English
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| y
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as in English when consonantal
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| g
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always hard, as in English get
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| x
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x as in axe, except z at beginning of words
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| q
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Always part of a digraph "qu" for the cluster kw
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| c
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Always "k" before a, o, u; always "s" before i, e
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| cz
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č
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ch as in church
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| sz
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š
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sh as in shoe
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| nz
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ň
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ny as in canyon
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| dz
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ð
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"dh", or th as in that
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| tz
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þ
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th as in think
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Vowels
| Original
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Proposed
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IPA
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Sound
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Variation
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| a, e, i, o, u
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as in romance languages
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ã
(tãng, hãbby)
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/ʌ/
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hut
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English "short U", not really close to /a/ at all
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æ
(ðæ, gæo)
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/aɪ̯/
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aye
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Diphthong of /a/ + /i/
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å
(plåx, schåft)
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/æ/
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hat
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/a/ fronted and raised
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ä
(häm)
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/eɪ̯/
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hate (same as ê)
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Diphthong of /e/ + /i/
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ê
(dêm)
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|
[eɪ̯]
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hate (same as ä)
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Diphthong of /e/ + /i/
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î
(wîn, trîmfer)
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|
/ɛ̃/
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nasal "i"
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Between /e/ and /a/ and nasalized
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ö
(cö [sic], miaö)
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/aʊ̯/
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out
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Diphthong of /a/ + /u/
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õ
(jõnt, drõt)
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/ɔɪ̯/
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boy
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Diphthong of /o/ + /i/
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ø
(kønig, før)
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/œ/
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German Göttin
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Between /e/ and /a/, rounded
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ô
(mäjordôm)
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boat
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/o̞ʊ̯/
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Long /o/, or diphthong of /o/ + /u/
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ü
(fü, küssen)
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/y/
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German müssen
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Rounded /i/
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û
(ûnçivilan)
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/œ̃/
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nasal "u"
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Between /e/ and /a/, rounded and nasalized
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Diacritics used in vowels and their roles
| Diacritic
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Uses
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| Tilde
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- For one palatalized consonant (ñ)
- For one completely different vowel (ã is not near a)
- For one -i diphthong, of the apparent vowel (õ = o+i)
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| Ring
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- For one fronted-and-raised vowel (å = fronted and raised a)
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| Aesch
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- For a diphthong that might be made of a+e but is usually analyzed as a+i
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| Umlaut
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- For one -i diphthong, but not the apparent vowel (ä = e+i)
- For one -u diphthong, but not the apparent vowel (ö = a+u)
- For one rounded version of a different vowel (ü = rounded i)
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| Slash
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- For one completely different vowel (ø = rounded between-e-and-a)
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| Circumflex
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- For two long diphthongized vowels, where the diphthong matches the frontedness of the apparent vowel (ê = ei, ô = ou)
- For two nasalized versions of a different vowel (î = nasalized between-e-and-a, û = î but rounded)
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