Triparic Word Formation

Affixes are categorized according to the part of speech they produce.

Asterisks indicate an affix which Shawn is proposing and not yet ratified by Carrie and Alan.

Noun-forming

Affix	Applied to	Purpose	Example
-er	Verbs	Agent of the verb	dixen "speak" → dixer "speaker"
-ist	Nouns, Verbs	Profession, vocation, philosophy	luden "to play" → ludist "professional player"
-kin	Nouns	Young, offspring	cän "dog" → cänkin "puppy"
-let	Nouns	Diminutive	pådd "house" → påddlet "small house, bungalow, cottage"
-nes	Adjectives	State of being the adjective	rod "red" → rodnes "redness"
	Verbs	Patient/object of the verb
	Verbs	The action itself producing a noun meaning the action or effect of a verb - Dutch: -ing (nl) (Germanic), -tie (nl) (Romanic); French: -tion (fr); German: -ung (de) (Germanic), -tion (Romanic); Italian: -zione (unless previous letter was "s", when "t" remains as is, like in "digestione", "questione", etc.); Latin: -tiō f; Portuguese: -ção (pt) (unless previous letter was "s", when "t" remains as is, like in "digestão", "questão", etc.); Romanian: -ție, -țiune (unless previous letter was "s", when "t" remains as is, like in "digestie", "chestiune", etc.), -ciune; Spanish: -ción (es) (unless previous letter was "s", when "t" remains as is, like in "digestión", "cuestión", etc.)
	Nouns	Person from the place
	Verbs	Place where it is done

Adjective-forming

Affix	Applied to	Purpose	Example
-axe	Verbs	Having a tendency to the verb	quiren "to ask" → quiraxe "inquisitive"
-eble	Verbs	Passive capability for the verb	viden "to see" → videble "visible"
*-esc	Nouns	Similar to the noun	Kalmont → Kalmontesc "like Kalmont"
*-isch	Adjectives	Similar to the base adjective, but not quite meeting the standard	rod "red" → rodisch "reddish"
	Nouns	Full of, having in abundance
	Nouns	Made of, characterized by

Verb-forming

Affix	Applied to	Purpose	Example
fe-en	Nouns	Process of making something into the noun	könig "king" → fekönigen "enthrone"

Adverb-forming

Affix	Applied to	Purpose	Example
-lic	Adjectives	Basic adverbial form of the adjective	gross "large" → grosslic "largely"

Sources (for ideas)

Nouns From Verbs

Purpose	English	German	Latin	French	Esperanto	Old Tri.
Patient (To whom is it done?)	-ee (trainee)		-atus		-ato
State/condition of doing it or having it done	-ment and others (amusement, astonishment)	-tum, -ung, -schaft	-or (dolor, amor, timor, horror, clamor)	-ment et al
The action itself or result of doing it	-tion (retaliation, indignation)	-ung (for Germanic roots), -tion (for Romance roots)	-(t)io (deliberatio)	-tion et al	-ado	Inconsistent; sometimes -at or -stanz (proponat, sagenstanz)
Variously related to the act			-(t)ium, -tura (cultura, odium, ingenium, oblivium)
Instrument for doing or thing which does the act	-er, -tor (stapler, cutter, vibrator)	-er, -el, -zeug	-men(tum), -(c)ulum, etc. (flumen, nomen, vinculum, impedimentum)	-oir (miroir, accoudoir)	-ilo
Place of doing the act				-oir (abbatoir, dortoir)	-ejo (lernejo)

Nouns From Other Nouns

Purpose	English	German	Latin	French	Esperanto	Old Tri.
Act, condition, characteristic	-(i)(t)y, -mony (authority, victory, patrimony)		-(t)ium, -tas, -monium, -(t)ia (auctoritas, victoria, auspicium, patrimonium)
Place	-arium		-arium (aerarium, tabularium)			-plåx (Schattenplåx)
Office	-ate (principate, shogunate)	-at (Prinzipat, S(c)hogunat)	-atus (senatus, potentatus)

Adjectives From Verbs

Purpose	English	German	Latin	French	Esperanto	Old Tri.
Ongoing Condition	-bund, -cund		-bundus, -(c)undus (moribundus, fecundus)
State/Condition	-id		-idus (frigidus, timidus, pallidus)

Adjectives From Nouns

Purpose	English	German	Latin	French	Esperanto	Old Tri.
Fullness	-ose, -ous, -ful		-osus (bellicosus, religiosus)			-vol (fäþvol)
Having	-ous, -ate	-haft (ehrenhaft, krankhaft)	-(a)tus (barbatus, togatus)
Composition/Quality	-y, -ous		-eus (argenteus, ferreus, consanguineus)
Pertaining/belonging	-al, -ic, -ian, -ly (paternal, manly, equestrian, acidic)		-ter/tris, -alis, -aris (muralis, equester, militaris)	-ique (cabalistique)		-ik (centrik, pengwinik)

Verbs From Nouns

Purpose	English	German	Latin	French	Esperanto	Old Tri.
Denominatives			-are, -ere, etc. (pugnare, salvere)
Inceptives (To begin the verb)			-sco (irasco, ardesco, albesco)

Other suffixes not to miss

• -ology