Triparic Word Formation: Difference between revisions
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|Agent of the verb | |Agent of the verb | ||
|'''dixen''' "speak" → '''dixer''' "speaker" | |'''dixen''' "speak" → '''dixer''' "speaker" | ||
|- | |- | ||
|'''-ist''' | |'''-ist''' | ||
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|State of being the adjective | |State of being the adjective | ||
|'''rod''' "red" → '''rodnes''' "redness" | |'''rod''' "red" → '''rodnes''' "redness" | ||
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|The action itself | |||
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|Person from the place | |||
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|Place where it is done | |||
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Revision as of 19:22, 13 April 2016
Affixes are categorized according to the part of speech they produce.
Asterisks indicate an affix which Shawn is proposing and not yet ratified by Carrie and Alan.
Noun-forming
| Affix | Applied to | Purpose | Example |
|---|---|---|---|
| -er | Verbs | Agent of the verb | dixen "speak" → dixer "speaker" |
| -ist | Nouns, Verbs | Profession, vocation, philosophy | luden "to play" → ludist "professional player" |
| -kin | Nouns | Young, offspring | cän "dog" → cänkin "puppy" |
| -let | Nouns | Diminutive | pådd "house" → påddlet "small house, bungalow, cottage" |
| -nes | Adjectives | State of being the adjective | rod "red" → rodnes "redness" |
| Verbs | Patient/object of the verb | ||
| Verbs | The action itself | ||
| Nouns | Person from the place | ||
| Verbs | Place where it is done |
Adjective-forming
| Affix | Applied to | Purpose | Example |
|---|---|---|---|
| -axe | Verbs | Having a tendency to the verb | quiren "to ask" → quiraxe "inquisitive" |
| -eble | Verbs | Passive capability for the verb | viden "to see" → videble "visible" |
| *-esc | Nouns | Similar to the noun | Kalmont → Kalmontesc "like Kalmont" |
| *-isch | Adjectives | Similar to the base adjective, but not quite meeting the standard | rod "red" → rodisch "reddish" |
| Nouns | Full of, having in abundance | ||
| Nouns | Made of, characterized by |
Verb-forming
| Affix | Applied to | Purpose | Example |
|---|---|---|---|
| fe-en | Nouns | Process of making something into the noun | könig "king" → fekönigen "enthrone" |
Adverb-forming
| Affix | Applied to | Purpose | Example |
|---|---|---|---|
| -lic | Adjectives | Basic adverbial form of the adjective | gross "large" → grosslic "largely" |
Sources (for ideas)
Nouns From Verbs
| Purpose | English | German | Latin | French | Esperanto | Old Tri. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Patient (To whom is it done?) |
-ee (trainee) |
-atus | -ato | |||
| State/condition of doing it or having it done |
-ment and others (amusement, astonishment) |
-tum, -ung, -schaft | -or (dolor, amor, timor, horror, clamor) |
-ment et al | ||
| The action itself or result of doing it |
-tion (retaliation, indignation) |
-ung (for Germanic roots), -tion (for Romance roots) | -(t)io (deliberatio) |
-tion et al | -ado | Inconsistent; sometimes -at or -stanz (proponat, sagenstanz) |
| Variously related to the act |
-(t)ium, -tura (cultura, odium, ingenium, oblivium) |
|||||
| Instrument for doing or thing which does the act |
-er, -tor (stapler, cutter, vibrator) |
-er, -el, -zeug | -men(tum), -(c)ulum, etc. (flumen, nomen, vinculum, impedimentum) |
-oir (miroir, accoudoir) |
-ilo | |
| Place of doing the act |
-oir (abbatoir, dortoir) |
-ejo (lernejo) |
Nouns From Other Nouns
| Purpose | English | German | Latin | French | Esperanto | Old Tri. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Act, condition, characteristic | -(i)(t)y, -mony (authority, victory, patrimony) |
-(t)ium, -tas, -monium, -(t)ia (auctoritas, victoria, auspicium, patrimonium) |
||||
| Place | -arium | -arium (aerarium, tabularium) |
-plåx (Schattenplåx)[1] | |||
| Office | -ate (principate, shogunate) |
-at (Prinzipat, S(c)hogunat) |
-atus (senatus, potentatus) |
- ↑ This is an independent word for "place", so arguably this is not a suffix but part of compounds.
Adjectives From Verbs
| Purpose | English | German | Latin | French | Esperanto | Old Tri. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ongoing Condition | -bund, -cund | -bundus, -(c)undus (moribundus, fecundus) |
||||
| State/Condition[1] | -id | -idus (frigidus, timidus, pallidus) |
||||
| Tendency | -acious | -ax (audax, tenax, mendax) |
- ↑ A lot of the Latin words of this type have nouns in -or: timor, pallor, etc.
Adjectives From Nouns
| Purpose | English | German | Latin | French | Esperanto | Old Tri. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fullness | -ose, -ous, -ful | -osus (bellicosus, religiosus) |
-vol (fäþvol) | |||
| Having | -ous, -ate | -haft (ehrenhaft, krankhaft) |
-(a)tus (barbatus, togatus) |
|||
| Composition/Quality | -y, -ous | -eus (argenteus, ferreus, consanguineus) |
||||
| Place pertaining to | -ia | -anus/ia, -ensis (Brittania, Germania) |
-ia, -ujo | |||
| Pertaining/belonging | -al, -ic, -ian, -ly (paternal, manly, equestrian, acidic) |
-ter/tris, -alis, -aris (muralis, equester, militaris) |
-ique (cabalistique) |
-ik (centrik, pengwinik) |
Verbs From Nouns
| Purpose | English | German | Latin | French | Esperanto | Old Tri. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Denominatives | -are, -ere, etc. (pugnare, salvere) |
|||||
| Inceptives (To begin the verb) |
-sco (irasco, ardesco, albesco) |
Other suffixes not to miss
- -ology