Triparic Word Formation: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 00:58, 9 April 2018

Affixes are categorized according to the part of speech they produce.

Noun-forming

General Noun Affixes

These are affixes which can be used on any word for which the semantic relation makes sense.

Affix	Applied to	Purpose	Example
-ãzh	Verbs	Manifestation of the verb	brøden "embroider" → brødãzh "embroidery"
-er	Verbs	Agent of the verb	dixen "speak" → dixer "speaker"
-ica	Nouns, Verbs	The subject or field of interest; the collection of things pertaining to	herold "herald" → heroldica "heraldry"
-ide	Verbs	Patient/object of the verb	vocen "to call" → vocide "the person/thing called"
-ist	Nouns, Verbs	Profession, vocation	luden "to play" → ludist "professional player"
-kin	Nouns	Young, offspring	cän "dog" → cänkin "puppy"
-let	Nouns	Diminutive	pådd "house" → påddlet "small house, bungalow, cottage"
-log	Nouns	The study of	aqua "water" → aqualog "hydrology"
-løn	Adjectives	A person characterized by the adjective	juvin "young" → juvinløn "youngster"
-nes	Adjectives	State of being the adjective	rod "red" → rodnes "redness"
-schaf	Nouns	State of being	könig "king" → königschaf "kingship"
	Verbs	Place where it is done English -arium, -ory; Portuguese -ário, French -oir(e); Latin -arium, -orium; Esperanto -ejo

Specialized Noun Affixes

These are affixes which are generally used only on certain topical categories of words.

Affix	Applied to	Purpose	Example
-(a)n	Places	Ethnonyms Note: Unlike in English usage, ethnonyms are not capitalized.	Kalmont → kalmontan
-(a)n	Places	For places ending in -a, only the -n is added.	Triparia → triparian Niava → niavan
-ät	Position, office	Reign, term in office	könig "king" → königät "period of reign as king"
-edze	Titles of nobility	Forms the title of the noble's consort	graf "count" → grafedze "consort of a count" baron "baron" → baronedze "consort of a baron"
-edze	Titles of nobility	imperor "emperor" uses a contracted root for this.	imperor "emperor" (root imper-) → imperedze "emperor's consort"
	Roots for beliefs	Adherents

Adjective-forming

Affix	Applied to	Purpose	Example
-ic	Nouns	General purpose conversion to adjective (for nouns not ending in -ic themselves)	Triparia → triparic "Triparian"
-al	Nouns	Converts nouns ending in -ic to adjectives	music → musical "musical"
-esc	Nouns	Similar to the noun	Kalmont → Kalmontesc "like Kalmont"
-in	Nouns	Made of	aqua "water" → aquin "made of water"
-lãs	Nouns	Lacking	tap "head" → taplãs "headless"
-vol	Nouns	Full of, having in abundance	chocolad "chocolate" → chocoladvol "full of chocolate"
-isch	Adjectives	Similar to the base adjective, but not quite meeting the standard	rod "red" → rodisch "reddish"
-axe	Verbs	Tendency to do the verb	quiren "to ask" → quiraxe "inquisitive"
-eble	Verbs	Able to be affected by the verb	viden "to see" → videble "visible"
-ent	Verbs	Present participle	dixen "to speak" → dixent "speaking"

Verb-forming

Affix	Applied to	Purpose	Example
Infinitive ending -en or other normal verb inflections	Nouns	Denominal verb: the action or event inherently linked to the noun	pådd "house" → pådden "to house"
fe(r)-	Nouns, Adjectives	Process of becoming the noun or adjective The -r- is used if the root begins with a vowel.	könig "king" → fekönigen "enthrone"
düs-	Verbs	Gives the verb a negative or undesirable outcome	miscen "to mix" → düsmiscen "to confuse, blur"
er-	Verbs	Intensifies the verb; adds the sense of doing something utterly, completely, desperately, thoroughly, fiercely	bŏzen "to drink socially, get buzzed or drunk" → erbŏzen "to get completely hammered" schöpen "to use, draw on" → erschöpen "to drain, use up, exhaust"

Adverb-forming

Affix	Applied to	Purpose	Example
-lic	Adjectives	Basic adverbial form of the adjective	gross "large" → grosslic "largely" (adv.)
		For adjectives formed directly from nouns using the suffix -ic, this suffix replaces the -ic rather than following it.	viric "manly" (adj.) → virlic "manly" (adv.)
		Adjectives ending in -l just add -ic; those in -lic don't change at all.	solic "only" (adj.) → solic "only" (adv.) häl "whole" (adj.) → hälic "wholly" (adv.)
		Adjectives ending in a vowel drop it before adding -lic.	alta "high" (adj.) → altlic "highly" (adv.)

@@ Line 2: / Line 2: @@
 == Noun-forming ==
+=== General Noun Affixes ===
+These are affixes which can be used on any word for which the semantic relation makes sense.
 {|class="wikitable sortable" style="width:100%;"
@@ Line 9: / Line 13: @@
 !Example
 |-
-|rowspan="3"|'''-ciãn'''
+|'''-ãzh'''
-|rowspan="3"|Verbs
+|Verbs
-|The action or process itself; sometimes the result if the process is the "end in itself"
+|Manifestation of the verb
-|'''convenen''' "to meet, come together" →<br>'''convenciãn''' "meeting, convention"
+|'''brøden''' "embroider" →<br>'''brødãzh''' "embroidery"
-|-
-|For roots ending in '''-d''', the suffix is '''-ziãn.'''
-|'''viden''' "to see" →<br>'''vidziãn''' "the process of seeing"
-|-
-|For roots ending in '''-t''' or any of the endings which require '''-es''' on a plural noun ('''s, ch, sch, x, z'''), the suffix is simply '''-iãn.'''
-|'''createn''' "to create" →<br>'''creatiãn''' "the process of creating"<br>'''dixen''' "to speak" →<br>'''dixiãn''' "the process of speaking"<br>'''naschen''' "to snack" →<br>'''naschiãn''' "the process of snacking"
 |-
 |'''-er'''
@@ Line 24: / Line 22: @@
 |Agent of the verb
 |'''dixen''' "speak" →<br>'''dixer''' "speaker"
+|-
+|'''-ica'''
+|Nouns, Verbs
+|The subject or field of interest; the collection of things pertaining to
+|'''herold''' "herald" →<br>'''heroldica''' "heraldry"
 |-
 |'''-ide'''
 |Verbs
 |Patient/object of the verb
-|'''voken''' "to call" →<br>'''vokide''' "the person/thing called"
+|'''vocen''' "to call" →<br>'''vocide''' "the person/thing called"
 |-
 |'''-ist'''
@@ Line 49: / Line 52: @@
 |The study of
 |'''aqua''' "water" →<br>'''aqualog''' "hydrology"
+|-
+|'''-løn'''
+|Adjectives
+|A person characterized by the adjective
+|'''juvin''' "young" →<br>'''juvinløn''' "youngster"
 |-
 |'''-nes'''
@@ Line 59: / Line 67: @@
 |State of being
 |'''könig''' "king" →<br>'''königschaf''' "kingship"
+|-
+|
+|Verbs
+|Place where it is done<br>''English -arium, -ory; Portuguese -ário, French -oir(e); Latin -arium, -orium; Esperanto -ejo''
+|
+|}
+=== Specialized Noun Affixes ===
+These are affixes which are generally used only on certain topical categories of words.
+{|class="wikitable sortable" style="width:100%;"
+!style="width:5em;"|Affix
+!style="width:6em;"|Applied to
+!style="width:40%;"|Purpose
+!Example
 |-
 |rowspan="2"|'''-(a)n'''
 |rowspan="2"|Places
-|Ethnonyms
+|Ethnonyms<br>''Note: Unlike in English usage, ethnonyms are not capitalized.''
 |'''Kalmont''' → '''kalmontan'''
 |-
@@ Line 73: / Line 97: @@
 |'''könig''' "king" →<br>'''königät''' "period of reign as king"
 |-
-|rowspan="2"|'''-ido''' (masc.)<br>'''-isa''' (fem.)<br>'''-ine''' (epi.)
+|rowspan="2"|'''-edze'''
 |rowspan="2"|Titles of nobility
 |Forms the title of the noble's consort
-|'''graf''' "count" → '''grafido''' "male consort of a count"<br>'''baron''' "baron" → '''baronine''' "consort of non-specified gender of a baron"
+|'''graf''' "count" → '''grafedze''' "consort of a count"<br>'''baron''' "baron" → '''baronedze''' "consort of a baron"
 |-
-|'''imperor''' "emperor" and '''duc''' "duke" use modified roots for these.
+|'''imperor''' "emperor" uses a contracted root for this.
-|'''imperor''' "emperor"<br>(root '''imper-''') → '''imperisa''' "empress"<br>'''duc''' "duke"<br>(root '''duch-''') → '''duchisa''' "duchess"
+|'''imperor''' "emperor"<br>(root '''imper-''') → '''imperedze''' "emperor's consort"
 |-
 |
 |Roots for beliefs
 |Adherents<br>
-|
-|-
-|
-|Verbs
-|Place where it is done<br>''English -arium, -ory; Portuguese -ário, French -oir(e); Latin -arium, -orium; Esperanto -ejo''
 |
 |}
@@ Line 102: / Line 121: @@
 |'''-ic'''
 |Nouns
-|General purpose conversion to adjective
+|General purpose conversion to adjective (for nouns not ending in '''-ic''' themselves)
 |'''Triparia''' →<br>'''triparic''' "Triparian"
+|-
+|'''-al'''
+|Nouns
+|Converts nouns ending in '''-ic''' to adjectives
+|'''music''' →<br>'''musical''' "musical"
 |-
 |'''-esc'''
@@ Line 154: / Line 178: @@
 !Example
 |-
-|Infinitive ending or other normal verb inflections
+|Infinitive ending '''-en''' or other normal verb inflections
 |Nouns
 |Denominal verb: the action or event inherently linked to the noun
 |'''pådd''' "house" →<br>'''pådden''' "to house"
 |-
-|'''fe-en'''
+|'''fe(r)-'''
 |Nouns, Adjectives
-|Process of becoming the noun or adjective
+|Process of becoming the noun or adjective<br>''The -r- is used if the root begins with a vowel.''
 |'''könig''' "king" →<br>'''fekönigen''' "enthrone"
+|-
+|'''düs-'''
+|Verbs
+|Gives the verb a negative or undesirable outcome
+|'''miscen''' "to mix" →<br>'''düsmiscen''' "to confuse, blur"
 |-
 |'''er-'''
@@ Line 184: / Line 213: @@
 |-
 |For adjectives formed directly from nouns using the suffix '''-ic''', this suffix replaces the '''-ic''' rather than following it.
-|'''menschic''' "manly" (adj.) →<br>'''menschlic''' "manly" (adv.)
+|'''viric''' "manly" (adj.) →<br>'''virlic''' "manly" (adv.)
 |-
 |Adjectives ending in '''-l''' just add '''-ic'''; those in '''-lic''' don't change at all.