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Triparic Word Formation: Difference between revisions

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== Noun-forming ==
== Noun-forming ==
=== General Noun Affixes ===
These are affixes which can be used on any word for which the semantic relation makes sense.


{|class="wikitable sortable" style="width:100%;"
{|class="wikitable sortable" style="width:100%;"
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!Example
!Example
|-
|-
|'''-ciãn'''
|'''-ãzh'''
|Verbs
|Verbs
|The action or process itself; sometimes the result if the process is the "end in itself"
|Manifestation of the verb
|'''donen''' "to give" → '''doneciãn''' "giving, donation"
|'''brøden''' "embroider" →<br>'''brødãzh''' "embroidery"
|-
|-
|'''-er'''
|'''-er'''
|Verbs
|Verbs
|Agent of the verb
|Agent of the verb
|'''dixen''' "speak" → '''dixer''' "speaker"
|'''dixen''' "speak" →<br>'''dixer''' "speaker"
|-
|'''-ica'''
|Nouns, Verbs
|The subject or field of interest; the collection of things pertaining to
|'''herold''' "herald" →<br>'''heroldica''' "heraldry"
|-
|-
|'''-ide'''
|'''-ide'''
|Verbs
|Verbs
|Patient/object of the verb
|Patient/object of the verb
|'''voken''' "to call" → '''vokide''' "the person/thing called"
|'''vocen''' "to call" →<br>'''vocide''' "the person/thing called"
|-
|-
|'''-ist'''
|'''-ist'''
|Nouns, Verbs
|Nouns, Verbs
|Profession, vocation
|Profession, vocation
|'''luden''' "to play" → '''ludist''' "professional player"
|'''luden''' "to play" →<br>'''ludist''' "professional player"
|-
|-
|'''-kin'''
|'''-kin'''
|Nouns
|Nouns
|Young, offspring
|Young, offspring
|'''cän''' "dog" → '''cänkin''' "puppy"
|'''cän''' "dog" →<br>'''cänkin''' "puppy"
|-
|-
|'''-let'''
|'''-let'''
|Nouns
|Nouns
|Diminutive
|Diminutive
|'''pådd''' "house" → '''påddlet''' "small house, bungalow, cottage"
|'''pådd''' "house" →<br>'''påddlet''' "small house, bungalow, cottage"
|-
|-
|'''-log'''
|'''-log'''
|Nouns
|Nouns
|The study of
|The study of
|'''aqua''' "water" → '''aqualog''' "hydrology"
|'''aqua''' "water" →<br>'''aqualog''' "hydrology"
|-
|'''-løn'''
|Adjectives
|A person characterized by the adjective
|'''juvin''' "young" →<br>'''juvinløn''' "youngster"
|-
|-
|'''-nes'''
|'''-nes'''
|Adjectives
|Adjectives
|State of being the adjective
|State of being the adjective
|'''rod''' "red" → '''rodnes''' "redness"
|'''rod''' "red" →<br>'''rodnes''' "redness"
|-
|-
|'''-schaf'''
|'''-schaf'''
|Nouns
|Nouns
|State of being
|State of being
|'''könig''' "king" → '''königschaf''' "kingship"
|'''könig''' "king" →<br>'''königschaf''' "kingship"
|-
|
|Verbs
|Place where it is done<br>''English -arium, -ory; Portuguese -ário, French -oir(e); Latin -arium, -orium; Esperanto -ejo''
|
|}
 
=== Specialized Noun Affixes ===
 
These are affixes which are generally used only on certain topical categories of words.
 
{|class="wikitable sortable" style="width:100%;"
!style="width:5em;"|Affix
!style="width:6em;"|Applied to
!style="width:40%;"|Purpose
!Example
|-
|rowspan="2"|'''-(a)n'''
|rowspan="2"|Places
|Ethnonyms<br>''Note: Unlike in English usage, ethnonyms are not capitalized.''
|'''Kalmont''' → '''kalmontan'''
|-
|-
|'''-(a)n'''
|For places ending in -a, only the '''-n''' is added.
|Places
|'''Triparia''' → '''triparian'''<br>'''Niava''' → '''niavan'''
|Ethnonyms<br>''Note: For places ending in -a, only the -n is added. For places ending in anything else, the full -an is used.''
|'''Triparia''' → '''triparian'''<br>'''Kalmont''' → '''kalmontan'''<br>'''Niava''' → '''niavan'''
|-
|-
|'''-ät'''
|'''-ät'''
|Position, office
|Position, office
|Reign, term in office
|Reign, term in office
|'''könig''' "king" → '''königät''' "period of reign as king"
|'''könig''' "king" →<br>'''königät''' "period of reign as king"
|-
|-
|rowspan="2"|'''-ido''' (masc.)<br>'''-isa''' (fem.)<br>'''-ine''' (epi.)
|rowspan="2"|'''-edze'''
|rowspan="2"|Titles of nobility
|rowspan="2"|Titles of nobility
|Forms the title of the noble's consort
|Forms the title of the noble's consort
|'''graf''' "count" → '''grafido''' "male consort of a count"<br>'''baron''' "baron" → '''baronine''' "consort of non-specified gender of a baron"
|'''graf''' "count" → '''grafedze''' "consort of a count"<br>'''baron''' "baron" → '''baronedze''' "consort of a baron"
|-
|-
|'''imperor''' "emperor" and '''duc''' "duke" use modified roots for these.
|'''imperor''' "emperor" uses a contracted root for this.
|'''imperor''' "emperor"<br>(root '''imper-''') → '''imperisa''' "empress"<br>'''duc''' "duke"<br>(root '''duch-''') → '''duchisa''' "duchess"
|'''imperor''' "emperor"<br>(root '''imper-''') → '''imperedze''' "emperor's consort"
|-
|-
|
|
|Roots for beliefs
|Roots for beliefs
|Adherents<br>
|Adherents<br>
|
|-
|
|Verbs
|Place where it is done<br>''English -arium, -ory; Portuguese -ário, French -oir(e); Latin -arium, -orium; Esperanto -ejo''
|
|
|}
|}
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{|class="wikitable sortable" style="width:100%;"
{|class="wikitable sortable" style="width:100%;"
!style="width:4em;"|Affix
!style="width:5em;"|Affix
!style="width:6em;"|Applied to
!style="width:6em;"|Applied to
!style="width:40%;"|Purpose
!style="width:40%;"|Purpose
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|'''-ic'''
|'''-ic'''
|Nouns
|Nouns
|General purpose conversion to adjective
|General purpose conversion to adjective (for nouns not ending in '''-ic''' themselves)
|'''Triparia''' → '''triparic''' "Triparian"
|'''Triparia''' →<br>'''triparic''' "Triparian"
|-
|'''-al'''
|Nouns
|Converts nouns ending in '''-ic''' to adjectives
|'''music''' →<br>'''musical''' "musical"
|-
|-
|'''-esc'''
|'''-esc'''
|Nouns
|Nouns
|Similar to the noun
|Similar to the noun
|'''Kalmont''' → '''Kalmontesc''' "like Kalmont"
|'''Kalmont''' →<br>'''Kalmontesc''' "like Kalmont"
|-
|-
|'''-in'''
|'''-in'''
|Nouns
|Nouns
|Made of
|Made of
|'''aqua''' "water" → '''aquin''' "made of water"
|'''aqua''' "water" →<br>'''aquin''' "made of water"
|-
|-
|'''-lãs'''
|'''-lãs'''
|Nouns
|Nouns
|Lacking
|Lacking
|'''tap''' "head" → '''taplãs''' "headless"
|'''tap''' "head" →<br>'''taplãs''' "headless"
|-
|-
|'''-vol'''
|'''-vol'''
|Nouns
|Nouns
|Full of, having in abundance
|Full of, having in abundance
|'''chocolad''' "chocolate" → '''chocoladvol''' "full of chocolate"
|'''chocolad''' "chocolate" →<br>'''chocoladvol''' "full of chocolate"
|-
|-
|'''-isch'''
|'''-isch'''
|Adjectives
|Adjectives
|Similar to the base adjective, but not quite meeting the standard
|Similar to the base adjective, but not quite meeting the standard
|'''rod''' "red" → '''rodisch''' "reddish"
|'''rod''' "red" →<br>'''rodisch''' "reddish"
|-
|-
|'''-axe'''
|'''-axe'''
|Verbs
|Verbs
|Tendency to do the verb
|Tendency to do the verb
|'''quiren''' "to ask" → '''quiraxe''' "inquisitive"
|'''quiren''' "to ask" →<br>'''quiraxe''' "inquisitive"
|-
|-
|'''-eble'''
|'''-eble'''
|Verbs
|Verbs
|Able to be affected by the verb
|Able to be affected by the verb
|'''viden''' "to see" → '''videble''' "visible"
|'''viden''' "to see" →<br>'''videble''' "visible"
|-
|-
|'''-ent'''
|'''-ent'''
|Verbs
|Verbs
|Present participle
|Present participle
|'''dixen''' "to speak" → '''dixent''' "speaking"
|'''dixen''' "to speak" →<br>'''dixent''' "speaking"
|}
|}


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{|class="wikitable sortable" style="width:100%;"
{|class="wikitable sortable" style="width:100%;"
!style="width:4em;"|Affix
!style="width:5em;"|Affix
!style="width:6em;"|Applied to
!style="width:6em;"|Applied to
!style="width:40%;"|Purpose
!style="width:40%;"|Purpose
!Example
!Example
|-
|-
|Infinitive ending or other normal verb inflections
|Infinitive ending '''-en''' or other normal verb inflections
|Nouns
|Nouns
|Denominal verb: the action or event inherently linked to the noun
|Denominal verb: the action or event inherently linked to the noun
|'''pådd''' "house" → '''pådden''' "to house"
|'''pådd''' "house" →<br>'''pådden''' "to house"
|-
|-
|'''fe-en'''
|'''fe(r)-'''
|Nouns, Adjectives
|Nouns, Adjectives
|Process of becoming the noun or adjective
|Process of becoming the noun or adjective<br>''The -r- is used if the root begins with a vowel.''
|'''könig''' "king" → '''fekönigen''' "enthrone"
|'''könig''' "king" →<br>'''fekönigen''' "enthrone"
|-
|'''düs-'''
|Verbs
|Gives the verb a negative or undesirable outcome
|'''miscen''' "to mix" →<br>'''düsmiscen''' "to confuse, blur"
|-
|'''er-'''
|Verbs
|Intensifies the verb; adds the sense of doing something utterly, completely, desperately, thoroughly, fiercely
|'''bŏzen''' "to drink socially, get buzzed or drunk" →<br>'''erbŏzen''' "to get completely hammered"<br>'''schöpen''' "to use, draw on" →<br>'''erschöpen''' "to drain, use up, exhaust"
|}
|}


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{|class="wikitable sortable" style="width:100%;"
{|class="wikitable sortable" style="width:100%;"
!style="width:4em;"|Affix
!style="width:5em;"|Affix
!style="width:6em;"|Applied to
!style="width:6em;"|Applied to
!style="width:40%;"|Purpose
!style="width:40%;"|Purpose
!Example
!Example
|-
|-
|'''-lic'''
|rowspan="4"|'''-lic'''
|Adjectives
|rowspan="4"|Adjectives
|Basic adverbial form of the adjective<br>''Note: For adjectives formed directly from nouns with the suffix -ic, this suffix replaces the -ic rather than following it.''
|Basic adverbial form of the adjective
|'''gross''' "large" → '''grosslic''' "largely"<br>'''menschic''' "manly" (adj.) → '''menschlic''' "manly" (adv.)
|'''gross''' "large" →<br>'''grosslic''' "largely" (adv.)
|}
 
== Sources (for ideas) ==
 
=== Nouns From Other Nouns ===
 
{|class="wikitable sortable"
!Purpose
!English
!German
!Latin
!French
!Esperanto
!Old Tri.
|-
|-
! Act, condition, characteristic
|For adjectives formed directly from nouns using the suffix '''-ic''', this suffix replaces the '''-ic''' rather than following it.
| -(i)(t)y, -mony<br>''(authority, victory, patrimony)''
|'''viric''' "manly" (adj.) →<br>'''virlic''' "manly" (adv.)
|
| -(t)ium, -tas, -monium, -(t)ia<br>''(auctoritas, victoria, auspicium, patrimonium)''
|
|
|
|}
 
=== Adjectives From Verbs ===
 
{|class="wikitable sortable"
!Purpose
!English
!German
!Latin
!French
!Esperanto
!Old Tri.
|-
|-
! Ongoing Condition
|Adjectives ending in '''-l''' just add '''-ic'''; those in '''-lic''' don't change at all.
| -bund, -cund
|'''solic''' "only" (adj.) →<br>'''solic''' "only" (adv.)<br>'''häl''' "whole" (adj.) →<br>'''hälic''' "wholly" (adv.)
|
| -bundus, -(c)undus<br>''(moribundus, fecundus)''
|
|
|
|-
! State/Condition<ref name="idus"/>
| -id
|
| -idus<br>''(frigidus, timidus, pallidus)''
|
|
|
|-
|-
|Adjectives ending in a vowel drop it before adding '''-lic'''.
|'''alta''' "high" (adj.) →<br>'''altlic''' "highly" (adv.)
|}
|}


<references>
[[Category:Triparic workshop]]
<ref name="idus">A lot of the Latin words of this type have nouns in '''-or''': ''timor, pallor,'' etc.</ref>
</references>

Latest revision as of 00:58, 9 April 2018

Affixes are categorized according to the part of speech they produce.

Noun-forming

General Noun Affixes

These are affixes which can be used on any word for which the semantic relation makes sense.

Affix Applied to Purpose Example
-ãzh Verbs Manifestation of the verb brøden "embroider" →
brødãzh "embroidery"
-er Verbs Agent of the verb dixen "speak" →
dixer "speaker"
-ica Nouns, Verbs The subject or field of interest; the collection of things pertaining to herold "herald" →
heroldica "heraldry"
-ide Verbs Patient/object of the verb vocen "to call" →
vocide "the person/thing called"
-ist Nouns, Verbs Profession, vocation luden "to play" →
ludist "professional player"
-kin Nouns Young, offspring cän "dog" →
cänkin "puppy"
-let Nouns Diminutive pådd "house" →
påddlet "small house, bungalow, cottage"
-log Nouns The study of aqua "water" →
aqualog "hydrology"
-løn Adjectives A person characterized by the adjective juvin "young" →
juvinløn "youngster"
-nes Adjectives State of being the adjective rod "red" →
rodnes "redness"
-schaf Nouns State of being könig "king" →
königschaf "kingship"
Verbs Place where it is done
English -arium, -ory; Portuguese -ário, French -oir(e); Latin -arium, -orium; Esperanto -ejo

Specialized Noun Affixes

These are affixes which are generally used only on certain topical categories of words.

Affix Applied to Purpose Example
-(a)n Places Ethnonyms
Note: Unlike in English usage, ethnonyms are not capitalized. 		Kalmont → kalmontan
For places ending in -a, only the -n is added. Triparia → triparian
Niava → niavan
-ät Position, office Reign, term in office könig "king" →
königät "period of reign as king"
-edze Titles of nobility Forms the title of the noble's consort graf "count" → grafedze "consort of a count"
baron "baron" → baronedze "consort of a baron"
imperor "emperor" uses a contracted root for this. imperor "emperor"
(root imper-) → imperedze "emperor's consort"
Roots for beliefs Adherents

Adjective-forming

Affix Applied to Purpose Example
-ic Nouns General purpose conversion to adjective (for nouns not ending in -ic themselves) Triparia →
triparic "Triparian"
-al Nouns Converts nouns ending in -ic to adjectives music →
musical "musical"
-esc Nouns Similar to the noun Kalmont →
Kalmontesc "like Kalmont"
-in Nouns Made of aqua "water" →
aquin "made of water"
-lãs Nouns Lacking tap "head" →
taplãs "headless"
-vol Nouns Full of, having in abundance chocolad "chocolate" →
chocoladvol "full of chocolate"
-isch Adjectives Similar to the base adjective, but not quite meeting the standard rod "red" →
rodisch "reddish"
-axe Verbs Tendency to do the verb quiren "to ask" →
quiraxe "inquisitive"
-eble Verbs Able to be affected by the verb viden "to see" →
videble "visible"
-ent Verbs Present participle dixen "to speak" →
dixent "speaking"

Verb-forming

Affix Applied to Purpose Example
Infinitive ending -en or other normal verb inflections Nouns Denominal verb: the action or event inherently linked to the noun pådd "house" →
pådden "to house"
fe(r)- Nouns, Adjectives Process of becoming the noun or adjective
The -r- is used if the root begins with a vowel. 		könig "king" →
fekönigen "enthrone"
düs- Verbs Gives the verb a negative or undesirable outcome miscen "to mix" →
düsmiscen "to confuse, blur"
er- Verbs Intensifies the verb; adds the sense of doing something utterly, completely, desperately, thoroughly, fiercely bŏzen "to drink socially, get buzzed or drunk" →
erbŏzen "to get completely hammered"
schöpen "to use, draw on" →
erschöpen "to drain, use up, exhaust"

Adverb-forming

Affix Applied to Purpose Example
-lic Adjectives Basic adverbial form of the adjective gross "large" →
grosslic "largely" (adv.)
For adjectives formed directly from nouns using the suffix -ic, this suffix replaces the -ic rather than following it. viric "manly" (adj.) →
virlic "manly" (adv.)
Adjectives ending in -l just add -ic; those in -lic don't change at all. solic "only" (adj.) →
solic "only" (adv.)
häl "whole" (adj.) →
hälic "wholly" (adv.)
Adjectives ending in a vowel drop it before adding -lic. alta "high" (adj.) →
altlic "highly" (adv.)
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